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烟霾年年上演

烟霾年年上演:为什么现有措施始终无法根治问题?

每当烟霾来袭,同一场戏码又开始上演。

天空变灰,空气变差,人民抱怨,政府发表声明,当局承诺加强执法,企业担忧,家家户户开始关注空气污染指数。

然后,一场大雨来了。天空恢复晴朗,大家松了一口气。

直到下一次烟霾再次来袭。

问题不是我们不知道如何应对烟霾,而是我们始终没有解决一个根本问题:为什么制造烟霾的人,往往比预防烟霾的人更有经济利益?

烟霾不只是环保问题,更是经济利益、企业治理、责任与永续发展的问题。

一、2026年烟霾危机,再次暴露四大问题

10月16日,新加坡国家环境局向七家在印尼拥有土地特许经营权的企业发出预防通知,要求采取措施防止或扑灭火灾。

与此同时,印尼动员大量人员灭火,并同意接受外国援助。

这些措施当然有必要。

但为什么我们年年采取类似措施,烟霾却依然可能卷土重来?

原因有四个。

第一,等到起火才行动,已经太迟。

尤其是泥炭地火灾,火势可能在地下持续燃烧,扑灭极其困难。

与其花巨资灭火,为什么不在火灾发生前就防范?

第二,烟霾没有国界,执法却有国界。

烟霾可以轻易飘过国境,但调查、取证、追责和跨国执法,却困难得多。

第三,经济利益出了问题。

如果焚烧土地比采用环保方式更便宜,部分经营者就可能选择最省钱的方法。

他们节省了成本,却让数百万人承担健康、环境和经济损失。

企业赚了钱,社会却付出代价。

第四,承诺不等于成果。

东盟提出在2030年前实现无烟霾区域的目标。

但真正的成功,不在于发表多少声明,而在于减少多少火灾、恢复多少泥炭地,以及有多少责任得到落实。

二、真正的解决方案:不要只管烟,要管火从哪里来

我们必须从被动应对,转向主动预防。

包括协助小农采用不焚烧土地的耕作方式、修复泥炭地、加强土地管理、追踪火灾风险,以及落实企业供应链责任。

更重要的是,必须改变经济诱因,让保护环境比破坏环境更值得。

银行、投资者、采购商和企业董事会,都不能置身事外。

一家企业如果通过破坏环境来降低成本,再把损失转嫁给社会,这不是真正的盈利,更谈不上永续发展。

这正是**财务治理与战略(Financial Governance and Strategy)**的重要性。

好的企业治理,不只是确保公司赚钱,更要确保赚钱的方式能够长久持续。

三、烟霾问题,也需要爱的智慧(LQ)

我一直强调,爱的智慧有三个核心:关爱、勇气与连接(Care、Courage、Connection)。

Care 关爱: 关心受烟霾影响的老人、儿童、家庭和企业,而不只是关注经济数字。

Courage 勇气: 敢于改变只顾眼前利益、牺牲长期环境的经营方式。

Connection 连接: 让政府、企业、农民、金融机构与消费者共同承担责任,寻找真正可行的解决方案。

因为烟霾从来不是某一个国家、某一家企业能够独自解决的问题。

四、真正的成功,不是烟霾散去,而是烟霾不再回来

我们不应该以一场大雨后天空恢复晴朗,来判断烟霾治理是否成功。

真正的衡量标准应该是:

下一次旱季来临之前,我们究竟减少了多少起火的风险?

雨水可以驱散烟霾,却无法改变制造烟霾的经济诱因。

只有良好的企业治理、正确的经济制度,以及人们愿意承担责任,才能真正减少烟霾反复发生。

所以,我们不应该只是问:

“烟霾什么时候结束?”

而应该问:

“我们究竟愿意改变什么,才能让下一代不必年年呼吸同样的烟霾?”

因为真正的永续发展,不是等天空变灰了才采取行动,而是在天空仍然蔚蓝时,就开始保护它。

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